Gravitational Force Calculator

Gravitational Force Formula:

\[ F = \frac{G \times M \times m}{r^2} \]

Gravitational Force:

1. What is a Gravitational Force Calculator?

Definition: This calculator computes the gravitational force between two objects using Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Purpose: It helps students, physicists, and astronomy enthusiasts understand and calculate the gravitational attraction between any two masses.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ F = \frac{G \times M \times m}{r^2} \]

Where:

\( F \) — Gravitational force (Newtons)
\( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²)
\( M \) — Mass of first object (kg)
\( m \) — Mass of second object (kg)
\( r \) — Distance between centers of mass (m)

Explanation: The force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force Calculation

Details: Understanding gravitational forces is fundamental to celestial mechanics, satellite motion, and many engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both masses in kilograms and the distance between them in meters. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the gravitational constant (G)?
A: It's a fundamental physical constant that determines the strength of gravity in Newton's law of universal gravitation (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²).

Q2: Why is the force so small for everyday objects?
A: Because G is extremely small, so only very large masses (like planets) produce significant gravitational forces.

Q3: Does this calculator work for celestial bodies?
A: Yes, you can calculate the force between any two masses, from small objects to planets and stars.

Q4: Why does distance have such a big impact?
A: Because the force decreases with the square of the distance (inverse-square law).

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It's accurate for classical physics, but for very strong gravitational fields or high velocities, Einstein's General Relativity provides more accurate results.